hello Tom
from when you log in as tom you're already in your home dir:
user@host:~$
~ means your home dir
$ means you aren't root since root login is #
so if you're already in your home dir & you want to go to Desktop, since Desktop is in your home dir, you don't have to enter /
so if you do:
tom@emachine:~$ cd Desktop hop you're in your Desktop
--------
your Desktop is seen in blue because it's a dir
best using:
ls -l than just ls
if you wanted to see the dirs and system on the root /
then you would type from your home dir:
ls -l /
and you would see:
eniz@thinkdebian:~$ ls -l /
total 92
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2007-11-18 20:34 bin
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 2007-11-18 20:49 boot
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 2007-11-18 20:03 cdrom -> media/cdrom
drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 4440 2007-11-19 18:25 dev
drwxr-xr-x 106 root root 4096 2007-11-19 18:28 etc
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 2007-11-19 12:34 home
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2007-11-18 20:05 initrd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 28 2007-11-18 20:49 initrd.img -> boot/initrd.img-2.6.18-5-686
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 28 2007-11-18 20:06 initrd.img.old -> boot/initrd.img-2.6.18-4-686
drwxr-xr-x 16 root root 12288 2007-11-18 20:58 lib
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 2007-11-18 20:02 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 2007-11-19 18:26 media
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2006-10-28 15:06 mnt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2007-11-18 20:05 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 110 root root 0 2007-11-19 18:25 proc
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 2007-11-18 21:34 root
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2007-11-18 20:43 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2007-03-07 22:56 selinux
drwxrwxrwx 4 root users 4096 2007-11-19 18:35 shared
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2007-11-18 20:05 srv
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 0 2007-11-19 18:25 sys
drwxrwxrwt 9 root root 4096 2007-11-19 18:26 tmp
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4096 2007-11-18 20:27 usr
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 2007-11-18 20:39 var
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 2007-11-18 20:49 vmlinuz -> boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-5-686
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 2007-11-18 20:06 vmlinuz.old -> boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-4-686
eniz@thinkdebian:~$
your system hierrarchy start from / called root (not the super user, but the system root.
when listing contents of a dir:
ls -l
you see permissions/owner/group/size/date last updated/name of dir or file
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 2007-11-18 20:49 boot
d is for dir
l is for link
and if you have permissions like this:
-rwx------ 1 eniz eniz 17170 2007-11-19 18:35 dmesg_19.11.07
starting with a - , it's a file
so to go from your home dir to your desktop which is already in your home dir you only type:
cd Desktop
from your home dir to /boot, you type:
cd /boot
hope I have answered your query.
bye,
but the best way not to loose yourself in the system is to stay in your home dir
and poke around with ls -l or ls -lF (F will show you all the dirs with a / after their name)
eniz@thinkdebian:~$ ls -hl /
total 92K
h is for human reading size
so if you want to copy a file from your home dir to a usbflash you enter:
cp file /media/usb0
then you can check that you copy of file is in /media/usb0 by entering:
ls -l /media/file
----------------------------it's more fun than drag and drop isn't it?
a book which should teach you a lot:
look for the 4th edition:
http://www.amazon.co.uk/Sams-Teach-Y...5501572&sr=8-4


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