Ip Addressing Tutorial 1

[opticsabru]

In a internet each host is provided with a unique internet address called the ip address.ip stands for internet protocol.In IPV4 system .The ip address was a 32 bit integer.ip addrs has 2 parts:a prefix which identifies the networkand a suffix which identifies the host on that network,there are respectively called the NETID and HOSTID.
There are 5 classes of ip addresses:class A,class B,class C,class D,class E.
The 32 bits of ip address of each class is partitioned as follows.
(note:the bit position is counted from 0 to 31)
CLASS CLASS IDENTIFICATIONBITS NETID(bit position) HOSTID(bit position)
A 0(in 0th position) 1-7 8-31
B 10(in0,1 positions) 2-15 16-31
C 110(in0,1,2positions) 3-23 24-31
D 1110(in0,1,2,3positions) ---MULTICAST ADDRESS 4-31
E 1111(in0,1,2,3,4positions) RESERVED FOR FUTURE USE.
The class to which a ip address belong can be identified with first 4 bits.
Hostid 0 is not assigned to any individual host.An ipaddress with hostid 0 refers to the network itself.This scheme includes a directed broadcast address.A packet sent to such a address will be sent to all the hosts in the network identified by netid in that address.Any address with the hostid consisting of all1s is reserved for directed broadcast.
Another form of broadcast is called limited broadcast address or local network broadcast address,provides a broadcast address for the local network indepedent of the assigned ip address.The local broadcast address consists of thirty two 1s.A host can use this address as part of startup procedure before it learns its IPaddress prefix for local network.
IP address is written in a decimal form for us humans to comprehend.It is wriiten as four decimal integers seperated by decimal points,where each integer gives the value of one octet of the IP address.for eg
10000000 00001110 00000011 00011110
is written as
128.14.3.30. The range of dotted decimal values are as follows:
CLASS LOWEST ADDRESS HIGHEST ADDRESS
A 1.0.0.0 126.0.0.0
B 128.1.0.0 191.255.0.0
C 192.0.1.0 223.255.255.0
D 224.0.0.0 239.255.255.255
E 240.0.0.0 255.255.255.254

[redhead]

And your question is ??

Since what ever you'd displayed here is direct cut/paste from some book, I dont see any real question in it.

[opticsabru]

nopps its not a question but a short briefing of my knowledge on the topic.This is not a cut and paste work.

[redhead]

So, if I were to ask you, how many IP addresses are within a range like 172.16.0.0/12 you'd know just like that or how ??